Three detainees are suspected of having died from cholera, while symptoms appear in two others at the Deqris Prison in South Darfur State.
Read MoreThe African Centre for Justice and Peace Studies (ACJPS)
ACJPS has a vision of a Sudan where all people can live and prosper free from fear and want in a state committed to justice, equality and peace.
ABOUT US
The African Centre for Justice and Peace Studies (ACJPS) is a non-profit, non-governmental organization working to monitor and promote respect for human rights and legal reform in Sudan.
ACJPS has a vision of a Sudan where all people can live and prosper free from fear and want in a state committed to justice, equality and peace.
ACJPS has a vision of a Sudan where all people can live and prosper free from fear and want in a state committed to justice, equality and peace.
This report aims to shed light on the situation of human rights defenders in Sudan during the armed conflict that has extended from April 2023 to date, with a focus on the threats and violations faced by activists, volunteers, and humanitarian, health, and human rights workers. The report is based on field reports and direct testimonies from victims and witnesses, as well as information monitored by a documentation team that adheres to confidentiality to ensure the safety of sources.
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ACJPS expresses deep concern for the safety of civilians in Babanusa city as renewed clashes started between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in June 2025 over control of the town. These ongoing conflicts have placed residents in a very difficult humanitarian situation.
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Ahead of the UN Human Rights Council’s 60th session (8 September-8 October 2025), we, the undersigned civil society organizations, write to urge your delegation to support a mandate extension for the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission (FFM) for the Sudan.
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In this release, ACJPS documents an incident where four male IDPs were attacked, wounded, and killed by a group of RSF fighters while travelling from Nyala to Alsalam IDP camp.
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The humanitarian situation of civilians in El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur State, has continued to worsen since our last update. This decline is a direct result of the lack of interventions from both Sudanese war parties: the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), and their allied military groups fighting alongside each of them.
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ACJPS is deeply concerned about the well-being of civilians, especially business owners abducted and forcibly disappeared by the RSF in Nyala, South Darfur.
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Uganda currently hosts 1.8 million refugees from various nationalities, including South Sudanese, Rwandans, Congolese, and Sudanese, who have been in and out of Uganda since 1955 and 2016 due to security issues in their respective countries.
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July 2025 marked a significant escalation in the armed conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), spreading to new areas and resulting in increased civilian casualties.
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The deteriorating living conditions of residents of El Fasher indicate that the ongoing conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has reached a critical stage, necessitating urgent intervention by the international and regional community, as well as organizations like the International Red Cross (IRC) and the World Food Program.
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Although Sudan has laws and regulations criminalizing human trafficking, there is a significant gap between the legal framework and its actual enforcement. Weak protection systems, insufficient psychological and social support for victims, and low public awareness all contribute to this crime remaining hidden and ongoing.
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ACJPS appeals to all concerned parties, governments, international organizations, civil society, the private sector, and media to unify efforts against this heinous crime of human trafficking and restore freedom and dignity to victims of human trafficking and protect potential victims.
Read MoreGallery
The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the ACHPR) Held its 81st Ordinary Session at Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara International Conference Centre, Kololi, The Gambia from 17 October – 6 November 2024. ACJPS participated in some of the sessions on Sudan and also presented an Oral statement before the commission.
The NGOs Forum is organized twice a year preceding the Ordinary Session of the ACHPR as a platform where updates on the human rights situation in Africa are tabled and discussed by the NGO community with a view of identifying possible remedies, which are forwarded to the African Commission as contribution to its work during a said Session.
Mr. Amir Suleiman, the ACJPS Legal Program Director, was one of the panelists at a side event orgainsed by DefendDefenders, SIHA, ACJPS, and African Defenders during the 83rd Session of the ACHPR in Banjul, The Gambia. The panelists discussed the Human Rights and Humanitarian Situation in Sudan since the outbreak of the war, the role of ACHPR and the way forward for the people of Sudan.
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Hassan Shire (Chair)
Chairman
Hassan Shire is the Executive Director of DefendDefenders has steered the organisation through its growth over the years. He is also the Chairperson of African Defenders (Pan African Human Rights Defenders Network). Shire is a Somali/Canadian, with over 25 years’ experience working in the region. While in Canada, he worked with the Centre for Refugee Studies at York University and Amnesty International Canada to create the African Human Rights Defenders Project. In 2005 he returned to Africa and founded DefendDefenders in Uganda.
Jehanne Henry
Secretary
Jehanne Henry is a Senior Researcher in Human Rights Watch’s Africa division, with a focus on Sudan, South Sudan, and Kenya. Prior to joining the organization, she served as a Human Rights Officer with the United Nations Mission in Sudan based in North Darfur.
Suliman Baldo
Suliman Baldo’s areas of interest and expertise include conflict resolution, emergency relief, development, and human rights in Africa, as well as international advocacy on those issues. In 2010 and 2011, Baldo provided expert advice to joint United Nations (UN) and African Union mediation teams on justice for victims of the conflict in Darfur and worked as an independent commissioner in the UN Independent Commission of Investigations into post-election violence in Côte d’Ivoire.
Elizabeth Hodgkin
Elizabeth Hodgkin is currently teaching in a secondary school in Eastern Equatoria State in the Republic of South Sudan. Hodgkin first came to Sudan between school and university in 1960. Following a degree in history and a diploma in education she taught in a secondary school in Zambia and then worked as a lecturer in the History Department of the University of Khartoum from 1968-73. She continued to visit Sudan frequently.
Yitiha Simbeye
Yitiha Simbeye is a lecturer in Law at the Open University of Tanzania (OUT) in Dar es Salaam. Simbeye specializes in international criminal law and is currently coordinator of the Masters in Law in International Criminal Justice (LLM ICJ) at OUT; from 2008-11 she was head of the International & Constitutional Law Department.
Amin Mekki Medani
Dr. Amin Mekki Medani (Late) was an expert in international human rights. He was a lawyer, policy analyst, organizational manager, development cooperation specialist, law professor, advocate and organizer. He had thirty-five years of relevant experience at the academic, judicial, governmental, non-governmental, regional and international levels.
Salih Mahmoud Osman
Salih Mahmoud Osman has practiced law in Sudan since 1982. He specialises in criminal law, civil law and human rights. He was an elected MP in the Sudanese national parliament (National Assembly) in 2005 - 2010. He is a member of the Parliamentary Legislative Committee (working on law reform to bring Sudanese laws in conformity with international human rights standards). He has worked with the American Bar Association (ABA) providing legal expertise on the protection of civilians in conflict zones, since 2006.
Faisal Elbagir
Faisal Elbagir Faisal Elbagir is a prominent Sudanese journalist and human rights defender. He is the founder and Coordinator General of Journalists for Human Rights – Sudan, an organization monitoring the freedom of expression and media.
Dismas Nkunda
Dismas Nkunda is the Co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of Atrocities Watch Africa.
REGIONAL WEBSITES
African Commission on Human and People’s Rights
African Commission on Human and People’s Rights:
Read MoreAfrican Committee of Expert on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
African Committee of Expert on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
Read MoreAfrican Court on Human and People’s Rights
The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
Read MoreArab Committee for Human Rights
Arab Committee for Human Rights
Read MoreINTERNATIONAL WEBSITES
Office of the High Commissioner for human Rights (OHCHR)
Office of the High Commissioner for human Rights (OHCHR)
Read MoreOffice of the High Commissioner for human Rights (OHCHR) Sudan
Office of the High Commissioner for human Rights (OHCHR) Sudan
Read MoreThe International Criminal Court (ICC)
The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression.
Read MorePARTNER ORGANIZATIONS:
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Legal program
In-depth research and analysis on key legal issues in Sudan, including Sudan’s compliance with international and regional human rights commitments
Learn MoreAfrican Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights
The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Commission) is the main human rights body for Africa. It was established in 1987 following the adoption of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights by the Organisation of African Unity (now the African Union). The African Commission is tasked with protecting and promoting human and peoples’ rights. It also interprets the Charter as it applies to particular cases and can guide African governments in ensuring their legislation and practices comply with the Charter.
Learn MoreHuman Rights Monitoring programme
The ACJPS Human Rights Monitoring Programme is dedicated to documenting urgent cases of individuals at risk and emerging situations of concern throughout Sudan.
Learn MoreAfrican Union licence
The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (the Commission), during its during its 77th Ordinary Session, held from 20 October to 09 November 2023 in Arusha, Tanzania considered your application and granted Observer Status to your Organization, African Centre for Justice and Peace Studies, under the Reference No. OBS.557.
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