This collaborative report analyzes human trafficking and migrant smuggling in Sudan. It emphasizes that human trafficking should not be seen as an isolated issue but as a result of long-standing historical, economic, security, and legislative factors that have evolved over decades. These issues have been intensified by armed conflicts and recent institutional collapse.
The report indicates that Sudanese law enforcement usually carry out operations at borders or inside the country, rather than targeting recruitment, transportation, or exploitation stages. This narrow focus views the crime as mere illegal entry, risking the perception of potential victims as immigration violators instead of organized crime victims. This is clear in the investigation methods, the insufficient evidence gathering across the exploitation process, and the judiciary's limited capacity to dismantle international networks or identify hidden organizers.